Laryngeal Effects of Inhalational Corticosteroids in Patients of Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive AIrway Disease

Dysphonia, a common voice disorder, significantly impacts the quality of life for individuals affected by bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of voice disorders in patients using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and investigate their impact on laryngeal function. A total of 111 patients were enrolled, with 77.48% presenting symptomatic laryngeal effects of ICS. Dysphonia was the most prevalent symptom (55%), followed by vocal strain and fatigue (10%). Video-stroboscopy revealed abnormal laryngeal findings in 66% of patients, with irregular vocal cords/vocal cord atrophy/vocal fold bowing being most common (38.70%). Budesonide was the most commonly used ICS (78.4%), followed by Fluticasone Propionate (19%). Among symptomatic patients, Budesonide 400mcg/day was most frequently prescribed (58.13%). Duration of ICS use varied, with 47.67% using it for more than 4 years. Dysphonia was predominant among symptomatic patients, with Budesonide (400mcg/day) being most associated. Among asymptomatic patients, normal laryngeal findings were most common (13). The study provides insights into demographics, symptoms, and laryngeal findings associated with long-term ICS use in bronchial asthma and COAD. Dysphonia was common, and video-stroboscopy revealed various laryngeal abnormalities. Monitoring laryngeal function in patients on long-term ICS therapy is crucial. Limitations include the study's single-center design and cross-sectional nature. Further research is warranted to elucidate mechanisms underlying steroid inhaler laryngitis.