The paper presents a sub-6 GHz microstrip patch antenna that relies on a Defected Ground Plane (DGP). The antenna is designed on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and dimensions of 35 mm × 40 mm × 1.6 mm. Sub-6 GHz band operation is achieved by introducing Defective Ground Structures (DGS) and the antenna is designed and analyzed for a sub-6 GHz antenna using the High- Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The antenna is designed for applications such as WiMAX, S-band (2.7 GHz – 3.1 GHz), wireless video transmission (5 GHz), Smart Cities & agriculture, and others. The antenna achieves a return loss (S11) below -10 dB for the band 2.50 GHz - 5.66 GHz. It also achieves a VSWR below 2 for the same band and an omnidirectional radiation pattern. The proposed antenna is a versatile and powerful technology with the potential to be implemented in many industries and in other aspects.
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Jain et al. (2024) studied this question.
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