Technology for cold atom clocks

We present a range of technology solutions aimed at miniaturising cold atom microwave atomic clocks. This includes the integration of a grating magneto-optic trap with a compact loop-gap microwave cavity, the use of an optical Raman excitation scheme for increased detection sensitivity, the development of cm-scale bespoke vacuum systems, and progress towards MEMS cold-atom and frequency reference vapour cells. The prospect for using the latter in miniaturised optical atomic clocks will be highlighted.