Parent-Mediated Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions for Young Autistic Children: A Systematic Literature Review of Single-Case Research

Abstract Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBIs) are a class of supports that may lend themselves to a parent-mediated approach. This systematic literature review synthesizes single-case research evaluations of parent-mediated NDBIs for young autistic children. Of the 353 articles screened, 17 were eligible for inclusion. Child outcome measures included engagement, joint attention, language/communication, imitation, and ‘compliance’/avoidance. Most studies found positive effects for at least some children on at least one measure. However, there were no consistently positive effects across studies. Most parents increased their NDBI fidelity, but many did not reach specified fidelity criteria. Only three studies met all Council of Exceptional Children quality indicators. These results suggest that parent-mediated NDBIs are a promising approach to supporting young autistic children, but more high-quality research is needed.