Towards universal polarization handling with silicon-based deep photonic networks

We propose a novel methodology employing deep photonic networks comprising cascaded Mach-Zehnder Interferometers (MZIs) to illustrate the proficiency of on-chip polarization handling. By applying gradient-based optimization techniques to tailor specific phase profiles within successive layers of MZIs, we demonstrate the functionality of devices adept at power division in both polarization-dependent and polarization-independent modalities. In silico simulations underscore the cutting-edge performance metrics achieved, encompassing a bandwidth exceeding 120 nm centered at 1550 nm, an extinction ratio surpassing 15 dB, and transmission bands characterized by flat-top profiles. These results prove the comprehensive capabilities of our deep photonic network ecosystem in polarization management, thereby unveiling promising prospects for advanced optical applications necessitating versatile polarization handling capabilities.