Designing hybrid imaging systems with metalenses and refractive elements

Metalenses can be used as standalone single elements or incorporated as one component of a subassembly that also includes other non-metalens optical elements. A ray-based design approach allows the co-design of a hybrid system with metalenses and conventional optics. Such a ray-based design approach is applicable to both polarization-sensitive and -insensitive designs. We validate the ray-based design approach with polarization-sensitive designs.