Accounting of ecological products value in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: a case study of Lhasa River basin, China

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier in China and even the world. and it is rich in natural ecological resources. Effectively transforming the ecological value of the ecosystem in this area into economic value is of great significance for balancing ecological environmental protection and economic and social development. Gross ecosystem product (GEP) accounting can objectively evaluate the effectiveness of this transformation process, and plays an important role in promoting the realization of the value of ecological products on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. this study intends to use the LMDI model to analyze the driving factors of the ecological product value in Qinghai, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia and national parks, including the resource utilization effect, structural effect, economic development effect and population scale effect. Based on the analysis, combined with the actual situation in Lhasa River basin, Tibet, Constructed a GEP index system that includes 3 aspects: ecological material products, ecological regulation service products and ecological cultural service products, This index system includes three first-level indicators and multiple second-level indicators, providing a reference for the value realization of ecological products in Lhasa River basin. The results show that, as an area with higher value of ecosystem regulation services and lower value of economic transformation of ecological products, Lhasa River basin may face challenges such as low value realization efficiency and immature market mechanism. Therefore, the construction of GEP accounting indicators should refer to the regional experience of typical cases and focus on the selection of indicator weights. It is recommended to improve the value realization of ecological products from the aspects of improving the ecological product market trading mechanism, establishing a complete ecological product industrial chain, and rationally optimizing land management and utilization.