"Mangrove Seedling Development Under Different Salinity"

A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline or brackish water.Mangroves grow in an equatorial climate, typically along coastlines and tidal rivers.They have special adaptations to take in extra oxygen and to remove salt, which allow them to tolerate conditions that would kill most plants.Aquaculture in mangroves is a practice for decades in several parts of the world, mangrove serves as natural shelter and protection for aquaculture ponds and as breeding and nursery grounds for many marine animals.Also aquaculture effluents, can be a potential source of nutrients for mangrove trees, healthy grey mangrove standings, planted along fish farm drainage canal.Soilless system or hydroponics is growing plants using liquid as the media for cultivation, and aquaponics is a combination of hydroponics and aquaculture.Aquaponics has two separate systems; the first part is "aqua" which refers to aquaculture or rearing fish, and the second part is "ponics" which refers to the growing technique of plants.The nutrient-rich water feeds the soilless grown plants, were the primary source of nutrients is ammonia which is converted into nitrates thru nitrification process by nitrifying bacteria.