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Abstract Oil and oil products use the most dangerous water transport pollutants. Every year, a large amount of oil is found in the sea and ocean; this oil floats on the surface of the water in the form of an oil film, dissolves in its thickness and settles to the bottom. The methods of biological cleaning of ecosystems from oil spills, based on the collection of the enzymatic activity of hydrocarbon-oxidizing substances, are currently approaching the most effective and environmentally safe methods. Research has been carried out on the selective selection of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms due to water pollution in the outer zone of Baku Bay. The active forms of hydrocarbon oxidation microorganisms utilizing polluting sea waters have been identified. The physical and chemical characteristics of natural oil from this well were determined, as were the physical and chemical characteristics of the oil samples that were supposed to be degraded under the conditions of a model experiment.
Gahramanova et al. (Tue,) studied this question.