Experimental determination of the hafnium L-subshell fundamental parameters using the holistic approach

By employing the recently demonstrated new holistic approach, the atomic fundamental parameters (FPs) of the three Hf-L subshells were experimentally determined using the radiometrically calibrated instrumentation of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. The Coster–Kronig factors, the L-subshell fluorescence yields, the L-subshell Auger yields, the subshell-photoionization cross sections, and the subshell fluorescence production cross sections were determined by means of photon energy dependent x-ray fluorescence and transmission measurements. The recently demonstrated new holistic evaluation approach allows to determine the FPs with significantly lower uncertainties as compared to the former data evaluation scheme, where only a limited regime of incident photon energies is being probed and the data evaluation scheme is performed in a sequential manner.