Review of Current Trends and Research on Clinical Immuno-Oncology

This article provides a comprehensive review of current trends and research in clinical immune-oncology, focusing on the evolving landscape of cancer treatment through the lenses of cytokines, artificial intelligence (AI), and the tumor microenvironment (TME).The global burden of non-communicable diseases, particularly cancer, underscores the critical need for innovative approaches in clinical oncology.The article focuses on cytokines, highlighting their pivotal role in cancer treatment, and the promising potential of modified cytokines, adoptive T-cell transfer, and fourth-generation CARs.Clinical trials combining cytokines with established drugs underscore the progress in cancer immunotherapy.AI has transformed the landscape of clinical oncology, particularly in predicting individual cancer risks and enabling targeted interventions.Deep learning algorithms are discussed as a powerful tool for learning intricate patterns in vast datasets.The article also discusses the intricate world of the TME, emphasizing its role as a complex ecosystem influencing a tumor's fate and metastatic potential.The article underscores the potential of these advancements in revolutionizing cancer treatment but calls for continued research and concerted efforts to address challenges and ensure seamless integration of these innovations into clinical practice.