Socio-Demographic Profile of Patients of Snakebite in Eastern Odisha

Background: Snakebite, a global concern, causes sickness and death, especially among children and adults.The varying venom of species like Russell Vipers underscores geographic differences in therapeutic impact.These injuries demand urgent medical attention, often requiring hospitalization and skilled care.Recognizing their toll on health, the WHO has reclassified snakebite as a neglected tropical disease.Methods: From January to December 2023, a hospital study at PGIMER and Capital Hospital, BBSR, Odisha, examined indoor and ICU patients of the General Medicine department.Demographic data like age, sex, residence, education, income, addiction, bite location, and occupation were collected via structured interviews.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v26 to assess relevant parameters.Results: Among 100 patients, those aged 16 to 29 constitute 27%, while 30 to 49 represent 45%, and 50 to 60 make up 28%.Of these patients, 66% are male and 34% are female.Six percent hail from urban areas, while 94% reside in rural settings.Regarding the bites, 16% occur at home and 84% outside, with 88% affecting lower limbs, 10% upper limbs, and 2% trunks.Furthermore, 82% of bites happen during the day, while 18% transpire at night.Lastly, 92% of victims exhibit neurotoxic symptoms, while 8% experience vascular toxicity. Conclusion:The diverse demographics of snakebite victims underscore the need for targeted treatments tailored to specific groups and regions.Lowering snakebite morbidity and mortality hinges on better access to antivenom, heightened awareness, education, and enhanced healthcare infrastructure, particularly in rural and underserved areas.