Characterization and impact of dissolved gases in a high-frequency flow reactor

Addressing the growing demands for sustainable green technology in chemical processes, we aim to develop a novel high-frequency ultrasonic flow reactor that utilizes converting ultrasound waves, resulting in intense localized acoustic pressure fields. Our hypothesis that our design of converging waves will establish a uniform spatial distribution of cavitation activity with high energy density, thereby augmenting the rate of radical formation and significantly enhancing overall reactor performance. To validate the hypothesis, KI and terephthalic acid dosimetry were performed. A comprehensive calorimetric study was employed for acoustic power, yielding valuable insight into the energy dynamics of the system. Furthermore, our research systematically assesses the impact of dissolved gases and varying flow rates on reactor performance. Notably, we observe that dissolved gases in the reaction medium exert a substantial influence on reactor efficiency. Additionally, an increased flow rate beyond the optimum decelerates hydroxyl radical generation due to a lower residence time. The detailed characterization, facilitated by dosimetry techniques, unveils the potential of the sonochemical reactor for industrial applications.