Different Types of Therapies in Corneal Regeneration

The ocular surface is the outermost part of the visual system can experience physical or chemical damage from external or internal factors such as thermal harm, infectious pathogens, and burns, Steven Johnson Syndrome or, other autoimmune diseases.Limbal cells possess stem cell qualities and regenerative capabilities due to their capacity for differentiation.The regeneration of corneal wounds involves a multifaceted process encompassing cell death, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix.Among various therapies for corneal regeneration, stem cell therapy stands out as the most promising due to its rapid recovery from infections.Although still in its early stages, interventions for treating corneal abnormalities are underway.These interventions involve the use of both viral and non-viral vectors to introduce genes into the cornea, employing in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro methods.This review primarily focuses on the latest advancements utilizing biological modulators like gene therapy, signaling inhibitors, microRNA, and Nano formulations.Additionally, the paper concentrates on the latest therapies utilizing stem cells and advancements in the ocular drug delivery system, aiming to enhance potential therapies for the future treatment of ocular diseases.