Postpartum depression (PPD) is a universal mental illness that explains various groups of depressive symptoms and syndromes that occur during the first year after birth. Untreated postpartum depression has serious long-term adverse effects on both the mothers and their children. Despite its massive effects, particularly in low- and lower-income countries, women and clinicians do not adequately understand it.
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Nardos et al. (2024) studied this question.
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