Exploration of Mental Disorders in Greek Mythology: An Analysis of Ancient Archetypes

Mental disorders remain a stigmatized and seldom-discussed subject in contemporary society, where widespread misunderstanding and lack of awareness persist. The purpose of this research is to form archetypes of mental illnesses and symptoms to allow society to learn about and emphasize more easily with those who are diagnosed with them. It analyzes the behaviors and experiences of characters from Greek mythology and connects them to specific mental disorders in the present day. Texts such as the Odyssey and Metamorphoses were used to understand the actions of characters such as Narcissus, Odysseus, Orpheus, Medea, and others. These behaviors were compared to the psychological symptoms of disorders such as Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and others. While the ambiguity of Greek mythology and lack of professional diagnosis cannot fully confirm these characters’ disorders, it can still create a unique perspective for individuals to understand mental illnesses. As a result, mental disorders can be recognized and explored by those who are less informed about the topic.