Ciphering the Modern World: A Comprehensive Analysis of DES, AES, RSA and DHKE

This review paper's objective is to contrast and analyze four well-known cipher techniques, with a focus on their application to information security: DES (Data Encryption Standard), AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and DHKE (Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange). Evaluating these cryptographic techniques' merits and demerits in terms of encryption speed, key management, and general fit for modern information security needs is the main goal. Evaluating these ciphers' effectiveness in protecting data in transit and at rest, the study explores the mathematical underpinnings and real-world applications of these techniques. Key length, the effectiveness of encryption algorithms, and susceptibility to contemporary dangers like quantum computing are among the other elements it takes into account. The study attempts to give security experts, researchers, and decision-makers useful insights through a thorough analysis, helping them to make decisions for safeguarding sensitive data in the ever-changing threat landscape of today.