Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the liver in an elderly male by 18F-FDG PET/CT: A Case Report

Background Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a highly invasive malignant tumor; often occurs in adolescents aged 20-30. In general, the diagnosis and assessment of tumor has relied upon CT and/or MRI. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of DSRCT of the liver on 18 F-FDG PET/CT in an aging male. Case presentation The patient underwent Computed tomography (CT) due to left abdominal pain, showing multiple liver masses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple well-defined masses in liver with mixed high T1WI and low T2WI signal, accompanied by obvious enhancement. 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed a mass of high uptakes in the hepatic and perihepatic hilum, indicating the malignance. He accepted percutaneous liver biopsy. Postoperative pathology showed that the mass was diagnosed as a highly malignant small round cell tumor. Conclusions DSRCT is a highly invasive sarcoma with poor prognosis. When the disease is found, it is often in the advanced stage. Early diagnosis is of great significance and has become one of the research directions of DSRCT in the future. The imaging diagnosis is suggestive but not specific, and the ideal treatment is not determined. 18F positron emission imaging (FDG-PET/CT) is more accurate in the diagnosis of DSRCT.