Shortcomings in Rice Production: with Special Emphasis on Salinity Stress

Around the world, 811 million people slept hungry every single night during the year 2020.Rice is a salt-sensitive crop.The food production rate is not keeping up pace with the rate at which the global population is rising.The projections of the growth rate estimated that by 2057 the world population would reach 10 million.Providing food to the growing human population is a big challenge.Rice production needs to be increased by at least 40% by the year 2030.Rice production, however, faces challenge from depleting soil, reduced fund in the developing world, land limitation and biotic and abiotic stresses.Biotic stresses due to bacteria, fungi, viruses and insects pests may led to the losses accounting for more than 50% of the yield.Similarly, abiotic stresses due to drought, temperatures, UV radiation and salinity also pose several limitations to the rice production.The losses due to salinity includes the loss of nutrients, amino acids and proteins, and minerals and vitamins.The plants over the course of evolution have developed specific mechanisms to counter these stresses.Present work is a review of previous works to develop an understanding so as to design a suitable strategy to increase rice production for a sustainable future.