The role of surgical intervention in the treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Aim and background: The increase of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) to an estimated 200 million patients along with its life-limiting symptoms and the complications of treatment with traditional open surgery; builds a need to advance interventional intravascular procedures treatment. This study aims to accentuate the role of interventional intravascular procedures on PAD patients. Methods and material: A Cross-sectional retrospective study. The study was performed on 500 patients who were admitted at Damascus hospital for interventional intravascular procedure, during the period 14-1-2015 to 5-9-2023. A questionnaire was designed to include demographic data, initial clinical presentation, diagnosis, patient history, type of intravascular procedure, medication, duration of hospitalization and patient complications. Result: The majority of patient who are 194 patients were in the age group of 60–70 years, representing 39%. The male patients were 402 patients, accounting for 80%. The most common complaint among patients was pain representing 30%. 171 (23%) patients had a superficial femoral artery complaint and were the most frequently subjected arteries to interventional procedures.The largest number of patients, 410 patients, spent only one day in the hospital representing 82%. The most common complication among patients was stent occlusion, with 35 patients (7%). There was a strong statistically significant relationship between the gender of the patient and the procedure involving balloon angioplasty and a significant relationship between the Kissing procedure and patients' age. Conclusion: This study shows the importance of interventional procedures in treating peripheral vascular disease compared to conventional surgery. However, interventional intravascular procedure remains the surgical intervention which has its own complications, and studies on the benefit of the interventional procedure are still insufficient.