Colorectal cancer associated with parathyroid hormone-related protein (review)

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is associated with various cancer types. This is the first review in the Russian, devoted to this topic, and it is aimed to contribute to the current knowledge about colorectal cancer, by means of summarizing all known information on the topic and identifying future directions for advanced research including on the role of parathyroid hormone-related protein in colorectal oncogenesis, signal channels that participate in mitogenic action of the protein on cancer cells, its effect on tumor angiogenesis. The review includes results of modern research involvement of PTHrP in the formation of chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells, as well as its influence on the modulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition program and other events, associated with tumor invasion. The review presents information proving that PTHrP is related to colorectal cancer cells becoming of an aggressive phenotype; the work also describes molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. There is a growing interest to use this rather unique protein in therapies, which determines active development of pharmaceutical substances based on analogues of this protein. The final goal is to advance the development of effective therapeutic strategies, which could improve the treatment results of colorectal cancer in patients.