Biomarkers Associated with AIDS-Defining Malignancies in Children

AIDs-infected children have an increased cancer risk due to a compromised immune system and an increased susceptibility to oncogenic viruses.Worldwide, a range of children between ages 0-14 years are infected with AIDs and are at an increased risk of developing cancer.However, as a result of immunosuppression, systemic inflammation, persistent HIV viremia and increased susceptibility to oncogenic viruses, children or peopl with AIDs are at a higher risk of some malignancies which includes those considered as AIDs-defining malignancies (ADM) such as Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and non-AIDs-defining malignancies (NADM) such as Hodgkin lymphoma.The intricate relationship between AIDS and malignancies in children involves a heightened cancer risk due to immunodeficiency.Biomarkers serve as crucial tools in identifying, understanding, and managing these malignancies by providing valuable information about the underlying biological processes and aiding in personalized treatment strategies.Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces the risk of cancer development in children infected with AIDs.Starting cART before the development of severe immunosuppression is key in the prevention of cancer in AIDs-infected children.Vaccination against high risk variants of human papilloma virus (HPV) may protect against cancer associated with HPV (e.g cervical cancer) later in life.