Ant colony algorithm was proposed by Marco Dorigo in his doctoral thesis in 1992, inspired by the behavior of ant colonies discovering paths while searching for food. In the process of studying ant foraging, ants release a substance called "pheromone" along their path. Ants in the ant colony have the ability to perceive "pheromone" and walk along paths with higher concentrations of "pheromone". Each passing ant leaves behind "pheromone" on the road, forming a mechanism similar to positive feedback. The entire ant colony will follow the shortest path to reach the food source.
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Peng et al. (2024) studied this question.
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