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This paper investigates the comparative analysis of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Railway Development as urban transportation solutions. Integrating Bus Rapid Transit and railways within urban planning is also explored, highlighting the role of feeder systems, accessibility enhancement, and land-use considerations. The paper also examines the effects of economics on both transportation modes. While BRT positively impacts local economies through reduced congestion and improved accessibility, railways, especially high-capacity systems, yield more substantial economic benefits. It can help some developing and building cities choose their priority public transportation. Both modes offer unique advantages, with BRT catering to immediate transit needs and railways contributing to enduring urban development. Integrating these modes in urban planning demands careful consideration of accessibility, sustainability, and land use, leading to efficient and sustainable transportation networks. Considering growing urbanization and transportation challenges, this study examines the background, advantages, challenges, and integration potential of these systems. The research emphasizes the need for further investigation to guide urban planners, policymakers, and transportation authorities in making informed decisions and creating well-connected and environmentally friendly urban transportation systems.
Hao Su (Tue,) studied this question.