Effects of neutron-skin thickness on light-particle production

Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model, we simulate the semiperipheral collisions of neutron-rich Ca, Mg, and Ne isotopes on ¹²C target at 50 MeV/nucleon. Different neutron-skin thicknesses (Sₙ) of projectiles are obtained by adjusting the neutron diffuseness parameter in the droplet model. It is suggested that in both initial and final states, the difference of momentum between neutrons and protons [ΔP(n-p)] decreases linearly with the increase of Sₙ. The similar correlation exists between Sₙ and the peak position of the momentum spectrum of neutrons (g₁). Moreover, the yield ratio of neutrons to protons $[R(n/p)]$ is proportional to Sₙ and $R(n/p)$ with lower momentum is more sensitive to Sₙ. The above analyses are also applied to the triton and ³He, which displays some limitations of their dependence on Sₙ. Therefore, ΔP(n-p), g₁, and $R(n/p)$ can be taken as general experimental observables to extract information on Sₙ.