Enhancing Aerodynamic Performance of a Formula Car through Modification and Evaluation

Aerodynamic resistance stands as a pivotal factor impacting the performance of race cars, creating significant impedance to their movement. Diverse strategies exist to alleviate this resistance, including the integration of aerodynamic elements and refinement of the vehicle's body contours. By emphasizing drag reduction without altering the powertrain, race car designs can effectively curtail drag. This study centers on the exhaustive examination, analysis, and experimentation with a model representing a Formula Student (FS) car, with the primary objective of augmenting its aerodynamic efficiency for motorsport applications. In compliance with the SAEINDIA Supra regulations, a meticulously crafted CAD model of the formula car is developed. After this, the model undergoes simulation utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, facilitating the identification of turbulent zones and areas of enhanced drag. A scaled-down 3D printed model is then employed for comparative analysis within a wind tunnel. The insights garnered from these experiments enable iterative modifications to the initial model based on the obtained results. Further CFD analyses are conducted on the refined iteration, initiating an iterative enhancement process aimed at optimizing the vehicle's aerodynamic performance. The culmination of this comprehensive process involves the development, analysis, and testing of a prototype, showcasing a notable 28% enhancement in aerodynamic performance. This accomplishment underscores the effectiveness of the iterative refinement methodology in elevating the overall aerodynamics of the vehicle. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that implementing such designs may pose challenges for manufacturers, although not insurmountable ones. Additionally, it's important to note that outcomes from CFD simulations and wind tunnel tests have a 3% deviation in results, that can be influenced by factors like surface finish and boundary conditions, leading to potential variations. Acknowledging these limitations contributes to a comprehensive comprehension of the research's scope and potential sources of variability in the results attained.