Examining the Therapeutic Impact of Passiflora Nitida Kunth Extract on Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Alzheimer's Model

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and neuronal degeneration. Addressing the cholinergic deficit is a key strategy for managing AD, involving inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) degradation and administration of nicotinic receptor agonists. Medicinal plants, with their diverse bioactive compounds, are being investigated globally for potential AD treatments. Passiflora Nitida Kunth, a herbaceous plant native to the Amazon region, has previously demonstrated neuroprotective and antioxidant properties, making it a promising candidate for AD therapy. Objective: This study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of the hydroethanolic extract of Passiflora Nitida Kunth in a non-transgenic preclinical model of Alzheimer's-like cognitive impairment induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: The Alzheimer's-like cognitive impairment model was established by intracerebroventricular administration of STZ, followed by treatments with passionflower extract, galantamine (a standard AD medication), and saline. General behavior was evaluated, and histological analysis of neuronal tissue was conducted, specifically quantifying intact cell numbers in the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions. Results: Preliminary findings indicate that Passiflora Nitida Kunth extract exhibited neuroprotective effects in the STZ-induced AD model. The behavioral assessments demonstrated potential improvements, suggesting a positive impact on cognitive function. Histological analysis revealed a notable preservation of intact cells in the hippocampal regions CA1 and CA3, highlighting the extract's potential in mitigating neuronal damage associated with AD. Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extract of Passiflora Nitida Kunth emerges as a promising candidate for Alzheimer's disease therapy, demonstrating neuroprotective effects and potential cognitive benefits in a preclinical model. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of this herbal remedy, bringing us closer to effective and holistic approaches for managing Alzheimer's disease.