We present a method of minimizing manufacturing variations in passive capacitive sensors for noncontact bolt inspection using a displacement amplification mechanism. This inspection mechanism uses electromagnetic coupling to eliminate the need for contact, making it particularly suitable for inspections using unmanned aerial vehicles. Analysis by the finite element method and prototype testing verified the capability of the mechanism to amplify displacement changes due to axial force. The prototype exhibited an 80% increase in displacement relative to the bolt head, effectively halving variation effects. Despite the design challenges, the mechanism significantly improved the effectiveness of the sensor.
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Hasebe et al. (2024) studied this question.
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