Trajectory-Tracking Control for Quadrotors Using an Adaptive Integral Terminal Sliding Mode under External Disturbances

In the face of external disturbances affecting the trajectory tracking of quadrotors, a control scheme targeted at accurate position and attitude trajectory tracking was designed. Initially, a quadrotor dynamic model, essential for control design, was derived. Adaptive integral backstepping control (AIBS) was then employed within the position loop, enabling the upper boundaries of disturbances to be estimated through adaptive estimation. Subsequently, a new adaptive backstepping fast nonsingular integral terminal sliding mode control (ABFNITSM) was proposed to enable adherence to the desired Euler angles. Rapid convergence and accurate tracking were facilitated by the incorporation of the nonsingular terminal sliding mode and an integral component. The dead zone technique was deployed to curtail estimation errors, while a saturation function was used to eradicate the phenomenon of chattering. Finally, to validate the proposed control scheme, simulation experiments were conducted in the Simulink environment, and the results were contrasted with those obtained from traditional integral terminal sliding mode control (ITSM) and integral backstepping control (IBS), providing evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed method.