Association of IFN-γ, IL-4 and Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphisms with Preeclampsia

Background: In view of significant effect of cytokine-polymorphisms on inflammation and immune regulation, and Inflammatory cytokines causing Preeclampsia (PE), it becomes mandatory to examine the role of cytokine-SNPs in all pathological mechanisms responsible for PE. In this review, we describe association between polymorphisms in IFN-γ (+874 A/T; rs2430561), IL-4, IL-10 (-819), IL-10 (-1082), IL-10 (-592) genes and preeclampsia and healthy controls in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh of India. Methods: 200 samples (100 preeclamptic and 100 normal pregnant women as control group) were sequenced using allele-specific oligonucleotides-polymerase chain reaction and PCR-RFLP. Data was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: IL - 4 (C590T) C/T genotype (odds ratio 2.452, 95% confidence interval (1.299-4.626); P=.002) and genotype CC of IL-10 (C819T) (odds ratio 0.4361, 95% confidence interval (0.2377-0.8001); P=.003) showed a significantly higher frequency among the preeclamptic group than the control group. Conclusion: Genotype CT of IL-4 (C590T) and genotype CC of IL-10 (C819T) have a significant role in the development of preeclampsia; differing in `genetic predisposition/pathophysiology.