Human Oral Microbiota’s Response to Antimicrobial Properties of Honey

The human oral microbiome is important under both healthy and diseased conditions. Temporary intruders, protective bacteria, and opportunistic pathogens of oral cavity niches form the oral microbiome. Most oral microorganisms are commensal and regulate the balance of the oral biological community. However, some microbes are associated with periodontitis and dental caries. Honey applications are known to cure minor (flu or cold) and severe ailments (burns, gastrointestinal, liver, and cardiovascular issues) and exert antimicrobial activities against viruses and bacteria. This study involved microbiological and molecular approaches to evaluate honey's antimicrobial properties against human oral cavity pathogens without disturbing oral microbiota equilibrium. The potential use of honey as a mouthwash was assessed as well. The results revealed the effective antimicrobial potential of Manuka and Sidr honey compared to the control group. The study also confirmed that honey-based natural mouthwash could serve as an efficient alternative to chemical mouthwash.