Outcome of eyes treated for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Posterior Zone I: An Eastern India study.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of eyes treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in posterior Zone I. Methods: In a part retrospective (nine years) and part prospective (one year) interventional study, we analyzed eyes treated for ROP in posterior Zone I with a minimum follow-up for 6 months. Results: The study included 109 eyes of 56 infants; mean gestational age and birth weights were 29.3 (±2.1) weeks and 1112.5 (±381.9) grams, respectively. The treatment included intravitreal anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) as the initial treatment modality in 101 eyes (92.6%), either alone (27 eyes) or combined with laser or vitreous surgery (73 eyes). Laser was the initial treatment modality in 8 eyes, either alone-(n=3) or in combination with surgery (n=5). With anti-VEGF alone, 30.68% (n=27 eyes) responded favorably, and the remaining 69.32% (n=59) eyes needed re-treatment (laser in the majority). At the final follow-up, 89.9 % (out of 109) of eyes did well anatomically. Good outcome was significantly linked to no detachment at presentation (p<0.0001) and the presence of well-defined central vascular trunks (p=0.001). Conclusions: Treating the eyes before retinal detachment with bevacizumab followed by laser (and surgery, if needed) results in a favorable outcome in babies with posterior zone 1 ROP.