Purpose To analyze the burden of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) worldwide and its change trends from 1990 to 2019. Methods The adolescent’s (aged 10–24 years) ASD burdens were quantified in terms of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate, and their corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). Result From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR of ASDs trended upward. In high-Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions, the burden of ASDs was highest and increased much more than in other areas (EAPC in the age-standardized DALYs = 0.32; EAPC in the ASIR = 0.36). From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALYs due to ASDs increased the most in High-income Asia Pacific (EAPC = 0.09), East Asia (EAPC = 0.22), and High-income North America (EAPC = 0.79); the ASIR of ASDs increased the most in Southern Latin America (EAPC = 0.10), High-income Asia Pacific (EAPC = 0.11), and High-income North America (EAPC = 0.80); and the ASIR and age-standardized DALYs due to ASDs increased the most in the USA (EAPC = 0.87 and 0.86, respectively). Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the burden of ASDs continually increased globally, but there were significant differences in the burden between regions and countries.
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