Evaluation of the Impact of Shift Work on Cognitive Functions: Possible Implications for Work Capacity

Introduction: Shift work refers to a work system where employees are assigned to predetermined schedules, including rotating shifts, to ensure continuous or intermittent operations. This system requires workers to perform duties at varying hours over a defined period. The demands of these shifts are particularly significant in healthcare, where 24/7 patient care is crucial. This system exposes workers to intense psychophysical stress, increasing the risk of burnout and health-related complications. Shift work disrupts circadian rhythms, leading to sleep disorders and impairments in attention, decision-making, and executive function. Research suggests that long-term shift work accelerates cognitive aging, raising the risk of neurocognitive decline. Identifying risk and protective factors is crucial to sustaining cognitive function, productivity, and well-being in aging workers.