This review examines the mixed pathway of serotonin and interleukins, suggesting connections to neuroinflammation and cognitive function.
Neurological disorders involve complex interactions between neurotransmitters and immune signaling pathways, with serotonin (5-HT) and interleukins (ILs) playing crucial roles. This review explores the mixed pathway of 5-HT-IL signaling and its involvement in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. Dysregulated 5-HT and IL signaling has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 5-HT influences neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function, while ILs regulate immune responses and neuronal survival. Their interplay modulates neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration through mechanisms, such as cytokine-mediated 5-HT depletion and 5-HT receptor regulation. Understanding the 5-HT-IL pathway offers new insights into disease progression and potential therapeutic strategies, including selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, cytokine inhibitors, and combination therapies targeting neuroimmune interactions.
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Noman et al. (2025) studied this question.
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