Ethno medicinal plant-based approach to treat anaemia: A systematic review

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) remains one of the leading global health concerns, particularly affecting adolescent girls and women. It is characterized by insufficient red blood cells or haemoglobin levels, primarily caused by iron deficiency and it significantly impacts physical and cognitive health. This study aims to explore the potential of ethnomedicinal plants in managing anaemia by evaluating bioactive compounds and nutrients found in plants such as Moringa oleifera, Psidium guajava, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Punica granatum, Amaranthus spp., Beta vulgaris, Phyllanthus emblica and Lepidium sativum. A systematic review methodology, guided by the PRISMA framework and utilizing the PSALSAR and PICOC models, was employed to assess the efficacy of these plants in improving haemoglobin and other haematological parameters. Results from studies from databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar suggest that these plant-based interventions have improved haemoglobin levels by promoting iron absorption and bioavailability. Thus justifying a medicinal approach to treat anaemia with a sustainable perspective using traditional local resources based on the promising potential of plant-based remedies, being cost-effective solutions for combating anaemia, especially in resource-limited settings and emphasizing the need for further clinical and community-based research to integrate these interventions into public health strategies.