Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Cavities Restored with Chitosan Nanoparticle Incorporated Novel Self-Adhesive Composite Resin - An In Vitro Study

Background Self-adhesive composite resins are a newer class of restorative materials that combine the properties of self-etching bonding systems and composite resin into a single system. Addition of chitosan nanoparticles Csnps into composite resins has been shown to enhance antimicrobial activity and improve physical properties. However the effect of adding Csnps to self-adhesive composites has not been adequately investigated.Aim To compare the microleakage of Class V cavities restored with self-adhesive resins and conventional flowable composites both with and without 0.2 Csnps.Method Sixty human extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were cleaned and Class V cavities of standard dimensions were prepared on the facial surfaces. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups n12 for restoration Group 1- Self-adhesive composite SAC Groups 2- SAC with 0.2 Csnps Group 3- Flowable composite Group 4- Flowable composite with 0.2 Csnps and Group 5- No restoration control. All specimens were immersed in methylene blue dye for 24 hours washed with sterile water sectioned buccolingually and evaluated for microleakage in the occluso-gingival direction under a stereomicroscope 16x. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test P le0.05.Results The highest microleakage was observed in Group 5 control. Flowable composite resin performed better than self-adhesive composite resin both with and without csnps. Significant differences were found between all groups except between Groups 1 and 3 and Group 2 with Groups 3 and 4 P le0.05.Conclusion Incorporation of Csnps into self-adhesive and flowable composite resins reduced microleakage. Although flowable composite resin showed superior performance compared to self-adhesive resin the addition of Csnps to self-adhesive composites offers the advantage of a simplified restorative technique while minimizing microleakage in Class V cavities.