Study on Accessibility and Equity of Park Green Spaces in Zhengzhou

Urban park green space (UPGS) is a key component of urban green infrastructure, yet it faces multiple contradictions, such as insufficient quantity and uneven distribution. Taking Zhengzhou City as a case study, this research explored the impacts of temporal thresholds and the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) on UPGS accessibility and equity. An improved multi-modal Gaussian two-step floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method was employed to measure UPGS accessibility, while the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve were used to analyze its equity. The results show that (1) UPGS presents a dual-core agglomeration feature, with accessibility blind spots surrounding the edge of the study area and relatively low equity in the western and southern regions; (2) changes in temporal thresholds and spatial scales have a significant impact on UPGS accessibility (p < 0.001), whereas their impact on equity is minor; and (3) UPGS distribution suffers from spatial imbalance, with a huge disparity in resource allocation. This study overcomes the limitations of traditional evaluation methods that rely on a single mode or ignore scale effects and provides a more scientific analytical framework for accurately identifying the spatial heterogeneity of UPGS accessibility and the imbalance between supply and demand.