Efficient Load Balancing and Optimized Routing Protocol for Wireless Network

One of the primary objectives of wireless sensor networks is to provide full coverage of a sensing field as-long-as possible. With the limited energy of sensor nodes, organizing these nodes into a maximal number of subgroups capable of monitoring all discrete points of interest and then alternately activating them is a prevalent way to provide better quality of surveillance. In addition to maximizing the number of subgroups, the connectivity of sensor nodes is also important while achieving full coverage. Thus, we develop a novel maximum connected load-balancing cover tree (MCLCT) algorithm to achieve full coverage as well as BS-connectivity of each sensing node by dynamically forming load-balanced routing cover trees. Through MCLCT, the burden of nodes in sensing and transmitting can be shared, so energy consumption among nodes becomes more evenly. Extensive simulation results show that our solution outperforms the existing ones in terms of energy efficiency.