Analysing the Outcomes of National Directorate of Employment Programmes on Household Income and Poverty Levels in Abuja, FCT, Nigeria

This study analyses the outcomes of National Directorate of Employment (NDE) programmes on household income and poverty reduction in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 400 beneficiaries through surveys and in-depth interviews. Quantitative techniques, including chi-square tests, regression analysis, and paired sample t-tests, were employed to assess programme impacts, while thematic analysis provided qualitative insights. Results indicate that NDE participation significantly improved household income, though gains remained modest and uneven, with many beneficiaries still in low-income categories. Regression analysis confirmed that NDE participation and education level were key predictors of income change. At the same time, qualitative findings revealed challenges, including limited funding, political interference, and a lack of post-training support. Anchored in Human Capital Theory and the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, the study concludes that while NDE has contributed to employment creation, its poverty-reduction potential is constrained by institutional and structural weaknesses. The study recommends stronger post-training support, access to credit, mentorship, and institutional reforms to enhance the sustainability and inclusiveness of NDE programmes.