October 12, 2025Open Access

In the Right Zone? Firm-Level Evidence from Italy’s Special Economic Zones

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Panel analysis reveals special economic zones increased capital assets by 19%, suggesting tailored strategies enhance performance.

Special economic zones led to a 19% increase in tangible capital assets, but had limited effects on employment.
The implementation of special economic zones highlighted the significance of administrative efficiency in underperforming regions.
Heterogeneous effects indicate that firm-specific characteristics significantly influence the impact of special economic zones.
Policy evaluation methods like Difference-in-Differences were utilized to assess the effectiveness of special economic zones.

Millemaci et al. (2025) studied this question.

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