Distribution Functions of $Λ$ and Σ⁰ Baryons

Treating baryons as quark + interacting-diquark bound states, a symmetry-preserving formulation of a vector\,×\,vector contact interaction (SCI) is used to deliver an extensive, coherent set of predictions for Λ, Σ⁰ baryon unpolarised and polarised distribution functions (DFs) -- valence, glue, and four-flavour separated sea -- and compare them with those of a like-structured nucleon. Λ, Σ⁰ baryons are strangeness negative-one isospin partners within the SU$(3)$-flavour baryon octet. This makes such structural comparisons significant. The study reveals impacts of diquark correlations and SU$(3)$-flavour symmetry breaking on $Λ$, Σ⁰ structure functions, some of which are significant. For instance, were it not for the presence of axialvector diquarks in the Σ⁰ at the hadron scale, the s quark could carry none of the Σ⁰ spin. The discussion canvasses issues that include helicity retention in hard scattering processes; the sign and size of polarised gluon DFs; and the origin and decomposition of baryon spins. Interpreted judiciously, the SCI analysis delivers an insightful explanation of baryon structure as expressed in DFs.