[Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease management: re-exploring the role and clinical indications of continuous positive airway pressure].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line treatment for OSA, its role in primary and secondary prevention of CVD remains controversial. This review explored the potential mechanisms, key evidence, and inconsistent outcomes of CPAP intervention in the context of OSA-related CVD. By incorporating insights into OSA subtypes, novel physiological markers, and practical clinical challenges, we revisited the indications for CPAP therapy. Ultimately, we emphasized the need to reassess CPAP indications based on individualized risk profiles to promote more precise and effective management of OSA-related cardiovascular risks.