Role of obstructive sleep apnea in cardiovascular disease
Key result
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension, coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure, and contributes to the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.
Why the study?
Does treatment of obstructive sleep apnea improve cardiovascular outcomes?
Population
Patients with or at risk for obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease
Design
Review
Authors
Discussion
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Implication
OSA warrants consideration in CV risk assessment; extends observational links but leaves open treatment effects on outcomes.
Key Points
- To update the understanding of how obstructive sleep apnea contributes to cardiovascular disease.
- Analysis of large prospective studies relating OSA to cardiovascular outcomes.
- Review of clinical trials on the impact of CPAP on blood pressure and cardiovascular markers.
- Examination of pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with OSA.
- OSA is linked to increased incidence of hypertension, coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure.
- Clinical trials show modest improvements in blood pressure with CPAP use.
- Evidence suggests OSA may worsen atrial fibrillation and be a target for cardiovascular risk reduction.
Structured PICO
Does treatment of obstructive sleep apnea improve cardiovascular outcomes?
P
Population
Patients with or at risk for obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease
E
Exposure
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and other therapies
Obstructive sleep apnea is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and represents a potential target for cardiovascular risk reduction, though large clinical trials are still needed.
Limitations
- Need for well powered clinical trials to examine the role of CPAP and other therapies in these populations
- need for well powered clinical trials
Cite This Study
Monahan et al. (2011) conducted a review in Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease. Obstructive sleep apnea was evaluated. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension, coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure, and contributes to the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.