Heart Failure
Heart failure
General heart failure research and clinical updates
Emerging pathwayAlso known as: HF, CHF, congestive heart failure, cardiac failure
26,685
Clinical questions
231
Evidence-backed
100
Claims analyzed
Heart Failure
General heart failure research and clinical updates
Synthesized from 231 evidence-backed clinical questions linked to this topic — 53 supporting the intervention, 86 against the intervention, 14 still contested.
Does empagliflozin vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart failure?
Moderate Certainty+ Favors benefitempagliflozin vs placebo · Myopathy / Rhabdomyolysis
46 studies (226,117 patients, 1 RCTs) provide moderate-certainty evidence for benefit of empagliflozin for Myopathy / Rhabdomyolysis in Heart failure.
Does sacubitril / valsartan vs enalapril improve outcomes in Heart failure?
Low Certainty− Favors harmsacubitril / valsartan vs enalapril · Heart Failure Hospitalization
24 studies (76,300 patients, 1 RCTs) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of sacubitril / valsartan for Heart Failure Hospitalization in Heart failure.
Does glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist vs placebo improve outcomes in Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Internist?
Low Certainty+ Favors benefitglucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist vs placebo
20 studies (127,327,768 patients) provide low-certainty evidence for benefit of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist for the outcome in Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Internist.
Does sglt2 inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure?
Low Certainty− Favors harmsglt2 inhibitors vs placebo · Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
71 studies (10,947,773 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of sglt2 inhibitors for Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure.
Does spironolactone vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure, Diastolic?
Low Certainty− Favors harmspironolactone vs placebo · Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
37 studies (9,294,411 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of spironolactone for Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure, Diastolic.
Does spironolactone vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure, Systolic?
Low Certainty− Favors harmspironolactone vs placebo
5 studies (2,009,998 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of spironolactone for the outcome in Heart Failure, Systolic.
Does empagliflozin vs placebo improve outcomes in heart failure and preserved ejection fraction?
Insufficient~ Mixed resultsempagliflozin vs placebo
25 studies (2,935 patients) provide insufficient evidence with mixed findings regarding empagliflozin for the outcome in heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.
Does spironolactone vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure?
Insufficient~ Mixed resultsspironolactone vs placebo · Cardiac Output
21 studies (11,582 patients) provide insufficient evidence with mixed findings regarding spironolactone for Cardiac Output in Heart Failure.
Emerging evidence with 100 primary claims
Specific, answerable questions in this area — each with its own synthesized evidence and consensus. Open one to see the forest plot, source trials, and how the consensus has changed over time.
Does finerenone vs placebo affect Cardiovascular Death or Heart Failure Hospitalization in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction?
Moderate Certainty+ Favors benefitfinerenone vs placebo · Cardiovascular Death or Heart Failure Hospitalization
Does vericiguat vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure, Systolic?
Low Certainty+ Favors benefitvericiguat vs placebo · Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Questions where the synthesized consensus has shifted as new trials were indexed.
Inflammatory Hypothesis of CAD
STEMI Management — Wed, Aug 12, 8:00 AM EDT — 7 attended
Cardiac intense unit demo
Cornell - Precision Medicine — Thu, Jul 23, 2:15 PM EDT
New data on Heart Failure Intervention
Synapse Team — Thu, Jul 16, 4:00 PM EDT
Frontiers in Precision Medicine Journal Club | Opening Session
Cornell - Precision Medicine — Fri, Jul 3, 12:00 PM EDT — 1 attended
GLP 1 new data
Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on the incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis — Brozovich F — Aug 1991
Cardiac magnetic resonance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: myocyte, interstitium, microvascular, and metabolic abnormalities
European Journal of Heart Failure — Quarta G — Jul 2020
Practical outpatient management of worsening chronic heart failure
European Journal of Heart Failure — Girerd N — Apr 2022
Mitral regurgitation during a myocardial infarction – New predictors and prognostic significance at two years of follow-up
Acute Cardiac Care — Barra S — Feb 2012
Impact of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation on Heart Failure and Death in Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
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Heart failure (also known as HF, CHF, congestive heart failure). General heart failure research and clinical updates
Synapse tracks 5 specific clinical questions in Heart failure, each synthesized independently from its own trial evidence. They include: "Does finerenone vs placebo affect Cardiovascular Death or Heart Failure Hospitalization in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction?"; "Does vericiguat vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure, Systolic?"; "Does dapagliflozin vs placebo improve outcomes in Heart Failure, Diastolic?"; "Does inspiratory muscle training (imt) vs placebo improve Peak Oxygen Consumption in Heart Failure, Diastolic?"; "Does dapagliflozin vs placebo improve Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure, Diastolic?".
As of 2026-08-14, the scientific consensus on Heart failure is emerging. Emerging evidence with 100 primary claims Based on 100 analyzed claims across Synapse's enriched corpus, the evidence shows.
Major professional bodies have published 4 guideline recommendations on Heart failure. The most-cited include: Class I, Level A: In patients with HFrEF and NYHA class II to III symptoms, the use of ARNi is recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality; Class I, Level A: In patients with HFrEF, with current or previous symptoms, use of 1 of the 3 beta blockers proven to reduce mortality (e.g., bisoprolol, carvedilol, sustained-release metoprolol succinate) is recommended to reduce mortality and hospitalizations; Class I, Level A: In patients with HFrEF and NYHA class II to IV symptoms, an MRA (spironolactone or eplerenone) is recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality, if eGFR is >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and serum potassium is <5.0 mEq/L; Class I, Level A: In patients with symptomatic chronic HFrEF, SGLT2i are recommended to reduce hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular mortality, irrespective of the presence of type 2 diabetes.
This evidence brief synthesizes Synapse's enriched cardiology corpus; cite as synapsesocial.com/topics/heart-failure.
Deterministic synthesis from Synapse's enriched corpus — 291 words. No AI-generated novel content; every figure is sourced from the underlying paper, guideline, or trial record linked on this page.
In patients with HFrEF and NYHA class II to III symptoms, the use of ARNi is recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality.
In patients with HFrEF, with current or previous symptoms, use of 1 of the 3 beta blockers proven to reduce mortality (e.g., bisoprolol, carvedilol, sustained-release metoprolol succinate) is recommended to reduce mortality and hospitalizations.
In patients with HFrEF and NYHA class II to IV symptoms, an MRA (spironolactone or eplerenone) is recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality, if eGFR is >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and serum potassium is <5.0 mEq/L.
In patients with symptomatic chronic HFrEF, SGLT2i are recommended to reduce hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular mortality, irrespective of the presence of type 2 diabetes.
Explore every Heart failure paper on Synapse with AI-enriched clinical evidence, PICO analysis, and methodology classification.
Search Heart failure papersPowered by Synapse — AI-enriched analysis of 600,000+ peer-reviewed papers
U Miami Journal Club — Thu, Jun 18, 2:00 PM EDT — 1 attended
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European Journal of Heart Failure — Agricola E — May 2012