Correlation Between ABO Blood Groups and Hypertension in Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Analysis

Background: Hypertension is a leading global health concern with multifactorial etiology, including genetic and environmental influences. ABO “blood groups have been implicated in disease susceptibility, including hypertension. This study investigates the correlation between ABO blood groups and hypertension across different age groups. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya, Bihar. Data from 98 participants (51 males, 47 females) were collected over nine months. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer, and ABO and Rh blood groups were determined using the slide agglutination method. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using standard WHO classifications. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27, with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. Results: Blood group B was the most prevalent (34.69%), followed by O (28.57%), A (27.55%), and AB (9.18%). Rh-positive individuals constituted 92.86% of the sample. Blood group B exhibited the highest prevalence of prehypertension and Stage I hypertension. Additionally, obesity (BMI ≥30) was most common in blood group B, while blood group AB had no obese individuals. Pre-hypertension was more frequent across all blood groups than Stage I hypertension. Conclusion: This study suggests a potential association between blood group B and increased susceptibility to hypertension and obesity. The findings highlight the need for further” large-scale studies to validate these associations and explore underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms.