This review appraises diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) within academic anesthesiology. The authors discuss the history and gaps in anesthesiology DEIB with the aim of enhancing the outcomes of patients and creating a safe clinical environment for academic medicine professionals to thrive. Included studies describe disparities associated with the experience of trainees or faculty in the field of anesthesiology. A total of 1,865 articles were located through a database search. In total, 118 articles were included. Academic rank and publications, training application process, leadership, disabilities, gender, pregnancy and lactation, race and ethnicity, and workforce trends were identified DEIB themes. Anesthesiology is not immune to the effects of discrimination on trainees and faculty; there is a pressing need to create a more inclusive workplace to ensure a diverse workforce that will, in turn, contribute to a more supportive environment within the field of anesthesiology.
Sain et al. (2025) studied this question.