Arctic Frontier and Climate Change: Reshaping the Geography, Ecology, and Economic Potential of Russia’s Arctic Region

The Russian Arctic represents one of the most critical frontiers of climate change, where rising temperatures, melting sea ice, and shifting ecosystems are rapidly transforming geography, ecology, and economic potential. This paper investigates how climate change is reshaping the spatial characteristics of Russia’s Arctic region, focusing on three dimensions: (1) physical geography and environmental dynamics, (2) ecological transformations and indigenous livelihoods, and (3) economic opportunities and geopolitical implications. By integrating geographical, ecological, and socio-economic perspectives, the study argues that climate change presents both unprecedented opportunities and complex risks for Russia’s Arctic future.