Comprehensive Review and Novel Approaches to Solving Transportation Problems: Analysis and Optimization Strategies

Transportation problems (TP) are crucial to industries worldwide, spanning across logistics, supply chains, and financial planning. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the challenges posed by transportation problems and the various mathematical models and algorithms developed to solve them. The aim is to synthesize existing solutions, explore novel methodologies, and propose new approaches that enhance the efficacy of transportation models, particularly in multi-objective optimization problems. The review covers single-objective and multi-objective transportation problems, while emphasizing the need for dynamic models that address both deterministic and uncertain environments. We explore both classical techniques and recent advancements in computational algorithms, discussing their applications and offering a critical examination of their limitations. The paper concludes by suggesting future research avenues for the optimization of transportation systems