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This analysis demonstrates localized flashover factors in thermal instability conditions, highlighting ventilation and fuel properties.
Abstract “Localized flashover” is a phenomenon been described that full involvement of combustibles within part of the compartment, which is favorable to this phenomenon due to the unevenly heat distribution which cause only part of the compartment encounters “thermal instability”, this paper proves that even within traditional two smoke layers condition, it still happened, and the main factors to distinct the situation from classic flashover are ventilation factor, ceiling area, fuel property (the ratio between heat of combustion and vaporization), and the temperature ratio between the smoke layer and the ambience.
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Hsu et al. (2025) studied this question.
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